20090118第25次主日聚會信息綱要
DBY 1 Samuel 17:1 ¶ And the Philistines（從43節可以知道這是撒旦、邪靈的攻擊） assembled their armies to battle（挑釁）, and were gathered together at Sochoh, which belongs to Judah（侵犯、侵入）, and encamped between Sochoh and Azekah（此地距離伯利恆路程是5小時到1天。）, in Ephesdammim.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:2 And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together（迎戰）, and encamped in the valley of terebinths, and set the battle in array against the Philistines.（保衛以色列神的國）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:3 And the Philistines stood on the mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on the mountain on the other side; and the ravine was between them.（對立）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:4 And there went out a champion ~yIn:Beh; vyai from the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.(18x6+9=117 inches=297cm身高約3公尺)
~yIn?Be space between two armies (= Gk. metai,cmion), 1 S 17:4, 17:23 ~yIn:Beh; vyai man of the metai,cmion(DBY- “middle-man”), i.e. champion (of Goliath). (BDB)
DBY 1 Samuel 17:5 And he had a helmet of bronze upon his head（護頭）, and he was clothed with a corselet(A piece of body armor for the trunk; usually consists of a breastplate and back piece) of scales（護身軀）; and the weight of the corselet was five thousand shekels of bronze.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:6 And he had greaves(Armor plate that protects legs below the knee) of bronze upon his legs（護腿）, and a javelin of bronze（可射遠距離的目標） between his shoulders.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:7 And the shaft of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron; and the shield-bearer went before him.（還有刀─vv.45,51）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:8 And he stood and cried to the ranks(row, battle line) of Israel, and said to them, Why are ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I the Philistine, and ye servants of Saul? choose for yourselves a man, and let him come down to me.（自恃、狂妄，向以色列的戰力挑戰）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:9 If he be able to fight with me, and to smite me, then will we be your servants; but if I overcome and smite him, then shall ye be our servants and serve us.（想要「奴役」、「征服」以色列國，做以色列國的「王」─這就是仇敵挑釁、對立、攻擊的目的！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:10 And the Philistine said, I have defied(Challenge)（原文@r'x' to reproach, disgrace or shame）the ranks of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together.（仇敵公然羞辱以色列國）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:11 And Saul and all Israel heard these words of the Philistine, and they were dismayed(tt;x' (be) broken, abolished, afraid, dismayed causative stems: to break, terrify, dismay,) and greatly afraid. 歌利亞提出的方式，是最能減少死傷的方式。所以雙方應該都接受。但是以色列這一邊，召不到這樣的a man。這個「強大、邪惡、囂張、狂妄」的「怪物」把以色列人都嚇倒了！
一、 撒旦和邪靈，時時刻刻都在伺機而動，要「挑釁」、「侵犯」、「侵入」神的「國」，想要在神的國裡做「王」，並且「征服」、「奴役」神的百姓！一旦有了機會，就會行動，攻擊就來臨了！戰爭就爆發了！
二、 撒旦和邪靈所使用的工具是「強大、邪惡、囂張、狂妄」的「怪物」！這會使人恐懼。
三、 在這樣的局面裡，神所需要的是「一個人」！一個像「大衛」一樣的人！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:12 ¶ Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehem-Judah whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons; and the man was old in the days of Saul, advanced in years among men.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:13 And the three eldest of the sons of Jesse had gone and followed Saul to the battle; and the names of his three sons that went to the battle were Eliab the firstborn, and the second to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:14 And David was the youngest; and the three eldest had followed Saul.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:15 But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem. (16:12-23)大衛這時還不到20歲（民一3），但已經被撒母耳膏立為以色列的王。他對邪靈有相當的認識，已經能趕鬼。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:16 And the Philistine drew near（囂張） morning and evening（邪惡）, and presented himself forty days（強大而狂妄）.這40天（4x10=一段相當長的時間）是神對以色列人的「試煉」。以色列被撒旦的工具「羞辱、恐嚇」。掃羅已經在徵「勇夫」，但找不到「拯救者」，「一個人」都沒有！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:17 ¶ And Jesse said to David his son, Take, I pray, for thy brethren, this ephah of parched corn and these ten loaves, and carry them quickly to the camp to thy brethren;
DBY 1 Samuel 17:18 and carry these ten cheeses to the captain of the thousand, and visit thy brethren to see how they are, and take a pledge of them.（在神的手的安排下，大衛從「局外」捲入了戰事！神在大衛身上預備了多年，現在神要用他來拯救神的百姓！─「養兵千日，用兵一時」）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:19 ¶ Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel were in the valley of terebinths, fighting against the Philistines.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:20 And David rose up early in the morning, and left the sheep with a keeper, and took his charge and went, as Jesse had commanded him.
And he came to the wagon(cart)-defence(entrenchment < calf); and the host which was going forth to the battle-array shouted for the fight.（這些人只會「吆喝」（吼吼叫叫40天），但沒有人「能」、沒有人「敢」上去擊殺神的仇敵！就像今天的「基督教」。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:21 And Israel and the Philistines put the battle in array, rank against rank.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:22 And David left the things he was carrying in the hand of the keeper of the baggage, and ran into the ranks, and came and saluted his brethren.（善良有感情的大衛）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:23 And as he talked with them, behold there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name(hl'G" to uncover, remove 羞辱、除掉、俘虜、奴役 ), out of the ranks of the Philistines, and spoke according to the same words; and David heard them.再次提到「歌利亞」的名字，指出牠是一個「恨神，要除掉、俘虜、奴役神的百姓，羞辱神的名」的仇敵、撒旦和邪靈的工具。現在以色列就是面對著這樣一個「邪惡勢力、污穢的靈」！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:24 ¶ And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him and were greatly afraid.歌利亞逼近以色列軍隊，挑釁並羞辱以色列人！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:25 And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that comes up? for to defy Israel is he come up（目的）: and it shall be, that the man who smites him, him will the king enrich with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel.（掃羅用「重賞」徵召「勇夫」。）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:26 And David spoke to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that smites this Philistine, and takes away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God? 大衛沒有被這個「怪物」嚇倒，反而「被神的靈推動」(16:13) 要上去拯救以色列！大衛強調非利士人是「沒有受割禮的」，就是強調牠們和神沒有「立約」，牠們中間沒有「（真、活）神」！所以根本不必害怕！這是大衛的信心─從神多年的教育中建立起來的！大衛知道「耶和華是真神，是活神！並且與祂的百姓以色列同在！」
DBY 1 Samuel 17:27 And the people told him after this manner, saying, So shall it be done to the man that smites him.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:28 ¶ And Eliab, his eldest brother, heard while he spoke to the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why art thou come down? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride and the naughtiness(Lit. wickedness) of thy heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:29 And David('beloved one') said, What have I now done? Was it not laid upon me? 被神厚愛的人，常常受到別人的嫉妒！（如：約瑟）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:30 And he turned from him to another, and spoke after the same manner; and the people answered him again after the former manner. 大衛再次表示「應徵」的意願。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:31 ¶ And the words were heard which David spoke, and they rehearsed them before Saul; and he sent for him.（掃羅知道了這事，於是「召見」大衛。）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:32 And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail(fall) because of him: thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.大衛心中關切「以色列國的處境」，他是一個正確的「拯救者」。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:33 And Saul said to David, Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth. 掃羅見了大衛之後，覺得這個人不行，根本不是對手。他的看法，就是一般人「正常」的看法。但是大衛接著拿出了他的「履歷表」！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:34 And David said to Saul, Thy servant fed his father's sheep, and there came a lion, and also a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:35 And I went after him, and smote him, and delivered it out of his mouth; and when he arose against me, I seized him by his beard, and smote him, and slew him.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:36 Thy servant smote both the lion and the bear; and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, because he has defied the armies of the living God.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:37 And David said, Jehovah who delivered me out of the paw of the lion and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said to David, Go, and Jehovah be with thee. 大衛被錄用了。神的時候到了，多年在大衛身上預備的「戰力」（一身好功夫），現在神要在「全以色列」眼前榮耀祂自己的名！也顯明祂與祂的百姓同在，也為祂的百姓爭戰！
DBY 1 Samuel 17:38 And Saul clothed David with his dress, and put a helmet of bronze upon his head, and clothed him with a corselet.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:39 And David girded his sword upon his dress, and endeavoured to go; for he had not yet tried it. And David said to Saul, I cannot go in these; for I have never tried them. And David put them off him. 這不是一場「屬肉體的戰爭」。這是「屬靈爭戰」！（林後十3-5）用的兵器，是屬靈的。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:40 And he took his staff（近距離的攻守─「打狗棍法」v.43） in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in the shepherd's bag that he had（是他自己的─他是一個「牧人」。神為以色列預備的拯救者是一個「牧人」。）, into the pocket; and his sling（遠距離的攻擊─要求是power和precision！） was in his hand. And he drew near to the Philistine.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:41 ¶ And the Philistine came on and approached David; and the man that bore the shield was before him.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:42 And when the Philistine looked about and saw David（歌利亞幾乎不能相信他自己的眼睛）, he disdained him（輕敵）; for he was a youth, and ruddy, and besides of a beautiful countenance.（這個「形象」，是神的「超級戰士」─以色列的戰車馬兵！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:43 And the Philistine said to David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.（邪靈的工作裡面，有大量的咒詛─死─殺人的意念（約八37,44）。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:44 And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give thy flesh to the fowls of the heavens and to the beasts of the field.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:45 And David said to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with sword, and with spear, and with javelin; but I come to thee in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied. （大衛高舉「神的名」，是為「神的名」爭戰。）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:46 This day will Jehovah deliver thee up into my hand; and I will smite thee, and take thy head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the camp of the Philistines this day to the fowl of the heavens and to the wild beasts of the earth. And all the earth shall know that Israel has a God;為「神」也為「神的國」作活的見證。
DBY 1 Samuel 17:47 and all this congregation shall know that Jehovah saves not with sword and spear; for the battle is Jehovah's, and he will give you into our hands.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:48 ¶ And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and advanced to meet David, that David hasted, and ran towards the ranks to meet the Philistine.（在笨重的歌利亞還未預備好之前，快速獲得有利的「發射位置」！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:49 And David put his hand into the bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead（精準precision）, and the stone sank into his forehead（力量power）; and he fell on his face to the earth.（和平peace）（大衛用了「遠距攻擊」！這是他在「牧羊生活」裡「練」出來的「功夫」！「亞四10」─不要輕看這些「小事的日子」！這些「小事」，都是神用「七眼」來「裝備」他的「超級戰士」的工作！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:50 ¶ So David overcame the Philistine with a sling and a stone, and smote the Philistine and killed him; and there was no sword in the hand of David.（羅八36-37在「十字架浸」中「得勝」還「有餘」！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:51 And David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of its sheath, and killed him completely, and cut off his head with it. And when the Philistines saw that their hero was dead, they fled. （「兇狠殘忍」的大衛！）
DBY 1 Samuel 17:52 And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to the ravine and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down on the way to Shaaraim, even to Gath, and to Ekron.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:53 And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they pillaged their camps.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:54 And David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:55 ¶ And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said to Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son is this young man? And Abner said, As thy soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:56 And the king said, Inquire thou whose son this youth is.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:57 And as David returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand.
DBY 1 Samuel 17:58 And Saul said to him, Whose son art thou, young man? And David said, I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Beth-lehemite.（就是那個小音樂家,16:23）
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